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Citico darter
The Citico darter (''Etheostoma sitikuense'') is a threatened species of darter native to Tennessee. This species was formerly subsumed within ''Etheostoma percnurum'' (duskytail darter). The ''E. percnurum'' group now consists of four distinct species: ''E. percnurum'', ''E. marmorpinnum'' (marbled darter), ''E. lemniscatum'' (tuxedo darter), and ''E. sitikuense''.〔Blanton, Jenkins 2008. Three new darter species of the ''Etheostoma percnurum'' species complex (Percidae, subgenus ''Catonotus'') from the Tennessee and Cumberland river drainages. ()〕
==Geographic distribution==
The Citico darter is an endangered species found only in several isolated locations in east Tennessee: Abrams Creek, Citico Creek, and the Tellico River.〔Johnathan G. Davis, Jason E Miller, M. Shane Billings, W. Keith Gibbs, S. Bradford Cook Capture Efficiency of Underwater Observation Protocols for Three Imperiled Fishes. Southeastern Naturalist 10(1):155-166.2011.〕
The fish was extirpated from Abrams Creek in the 1950s when the stream was chemically treated to remove all rough fish viewed as competition for the rainbow trout.〔 The species was presumably widespread throughout the upper Tennessee River and parts of the Cumberland River drainages. Presently, the Citico Creek population occupies about below a US Forest Service boundary and was the source population for propagation and restocking of Abrams Creek and the Tellico River. The Citico darter is thought to have been found lower down in Citico Creek prior to the construction of the Tellico Dam.〔Duskytail Darter (Etheostoma percnurum) 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation. US Fish And Wildlife Service.http://www.fws.gov/southeast/5yearreviews/5yearreviews/duskytaildarter.pdf〕 In other parts of its range, the isolated distribution is thought to have been caused by habitat loss due to siltation and reductions in water quality, and dam construction also probably played a role due to the loss of habitat, and fish no longer being able to move freely throughout drainages, Citico Creek and Abrams Creek are separated by the Chilhowee and Tellico reservoirs.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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